Agriculture lesson plan JSS1 Third Term
WEEK: 1 DATE: CLASS: JSS 1
SUBJECT: Agriculture Lesson plan
LESSON TITLE: REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK(CROP PESTS AND METHODS OF CONTROL)
PERIOD: 1 & 2 DURATION: 80 Minutes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
- Recall some topics taught last term.
KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: crop, pest, control etc.
RESOURCES & MATERIALS: First term examination questions, students note books.
BUILDING BACKROUND/CONNECTION TO PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: the Students are familiar with crop pests and how they can be controlled.
CONTENT
Pests of Crop Plants and Control
Effect of Economic importance of insect pests in crop production
- They destroy crop by biting, chewing, piercing and defoliation activities
- Reduction in farmer’s profit.
- Some insects are disease carriers.
- Increased rate of crop production
- Reduction in the viability of stored produce
- They can cause total death of crops
- Spot of injuries by insect may predispose crop to disease attack
- They render farm products unattractive and unmarketable
Prevention and Control of Pests
Pest control can be done via 3 methods – physical, chemical and cultural.
Physical Control – This involves the removal of insect by
- hand picking of insects and larvae
- setting traps to catch rodents
- shooting rodents with gun
- fencing round the farm with wire nets
Cultural Control – This method involves the use of farm practices to prevent or control pests especially on the field. Examples of cultural control include
- Bush fallowing
- Crop rotation change in the time of planting
- Regular weeding
- Proper timing of planting
- Use of pest resistant varieties
- Burning of crop residues
- Proper time of harvesting
- Appropriate tillage operations
- Close season practices
Biological Control – This involves the introduction of the natural enemies of pests to control or keep the pests population under control. Such enemies eat up or feed on these pests thereby reducing the population of the pests.
Chemical Control –
Chemical control involves the use of chemicals called pesticides to control pests of crop plants. These chemicals which are in form of powder, liquid, granules and tablets are used on the insects by various methods like spraying or dustings seeds or plants to check pests. Examples of such chemicals include:
- Pesticides – chemicals to control pests
- Insecticides – chemicals to control insects
- Rodenticides – chemicals to control rodents
- Avicides – chemicals to control birds
- Nematicides – chemicals to control nematodes
The micronutrients are boron, chlorine, cooper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc. These plant food elements are used in very small amounts, but they are just as important to plant development and profitable crop production as the major nutrients. Especially, they work “behind the scene” as activators of many plant functions.
Insecticide
An insecticide is a chemical prepared used for the control of pest.
Types of insecticides
There are 4 major forms of insecticides used in the control of pest.
a. Powder – mode of action is by contact
b. Liquid – mode of action is systemic
c. Granules – mode of action is through stomach
d. Gaseous – mode of action is by fumigation
Crops and Major pests
| Crop | Pests |
| Beans | Beans weevils (Callosobronchus maculatus) |
| Rice | Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae), stem borers, army worms and leaf rollers |
| Maize | Maize weevils (sitophilus zea), stem borers and army worms |
| Yam | Yam beetles and rodents |
| Cocoa | Stem borers, root mealy bug, aphids, black tea thrips, and scales |
| Groundnut | Leaf worm aphids, boll worms, snail and hoppers |
| Cotton | Cotton strainers and boll worms |
| Sorghum | Weevils, boll worms, aphids and sorghum midge |
| Stored grains | Weevils |
Effects or Economic Importance of Insect Pests in Crop Production
- Insect pests destroy crops in the field through their biting, chewing, boring, sucking and defoliation activities
- They cause reduction in the viability of stored produce
- Site of injuries by insects may predispose crops to disease attack
- They increase the cost of production during the course of controlling them
- They render vegetables and fruits unattractive and unmarketable
- Some are carriers or vectors of diseases
- The profits of farmers are reduced
- They reduce the quality of produce either in the store or in the field
- They generally reduce the yield of crops
- They can also cause total death of crop plants
Side effects of Various preventive measures
Cultural Method of Control
- Use of fire to kill harmful pest may result in destruction of other useful organisms
- Resistant varieties may adapt to the environment causing resistance to be short-lived
- Fire may spread to other farms if not properly managed
- Use of fire may cause loss of organic matter of soil and destruction of soil structure
Chemical Method of Control
- Some beneficial insects and soil organisms maybe destroyed
- Pests and diseases may develop resistance
- Chemicals used may be toxic to man and crops
- It may leave undesirable residual in the environment
- Some chemicals washed out through water, soil erosion may cause pollution to larger rivers
Biological Method of Control
- New organism introduced may start attacking crops
- Predators expected to control other may rather feed on other beneficial insects
- Introduction of new organisms may cause imbalance in the ecosystem
Learning activities:
- Students participate in the resumption test.
- Group discussion/revision of last session work
ASSESSMENT (EVALUATION):
List 5 effect of economic importance of insect pests in crop production.
WRAP UP (CONCLUSION)
The teacher wraps up and concludes the lesson using web summary method and correct any mistake observed during the assessment.
ASSIGNMENT:
Use the options listed to answer the questions 1 – 3 below
Insecticide, Nematicide, Avicides, Pesticides, Rodenticides
- ____ chemical is used to control pests
- ____ chemical is used to control birds
- _____ chemical is used to control nematode
- Explain biological control of pests
- What are the side effects of chemical method?
HOD/VP’S COMMENTS & ENDORSEMENT:
WEEK: 2 DATE: CLASS: JSS 1
SUBJECT: AGRICULTURE LESSON PLAN
LESSON TITLE: Factors of Agricultural production( Land, Water, Labour, Capital and Farm manager)
SUBTITLE: LAND
PERIOD: 1 & 2 DURATION: 80 Minutes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
- Outline the factors of agricultural production.
- Describe the characteristics of land.
- Explain the purpose/importance of land.
- Develop methods of improving land for agricultural production.
KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: agriculture, production, factors, land etc.
RESOURCES & MATERIALS: chart showing piece of land, sample of the best soil type for farming-loamy soil.
BUILDING BACKROUND/CONNECTION TO PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: the Students are familiar with agricultural products/production.
CONTENT
Meaning of Production
Production can be defined as the transformation of raw materials into finished goods. It is concerned with all legal activities which are directed towards the satisfaction of human wants.
Human wants are many, but they can be divided into material wants and non-material wants. The material wants are referred to as goods while the non-material wants are called services.
Production involves the conversion of raw materials and semi-finished goods into tangible goods that can satisfy the needs of the people. Examples of tangible goods are: yam, rice, clothes, cars, radio etc.
Factors of Production can be defined as the basic resources or agents used for producing goods and services. Factors of production make it possible for goods to be produced in the required quantity and quality.
The factors of production are land, labor, capital and entrepreneur.
LAND: The land is a free gift of nature; it refers to the resources provided by nature to aid the production of goods and services. Examples of land are rivers, farmlands, seas, the fishes in them, forestry minerals such as coal, crude oil, iron etc. Others are the climatic conditions like rain, sunshine, animals etc.
Features of Land
The following points below are the features/ characteristics of land
- Land is geographically immobile i.e the location of land cannot be changed, it is fixed.
- Land can appreciate or depreciate in value. The value of land varies from one location to another.
- It is a free gift of nature
- It is abundant in some areas and scarce in some areas
- It is heterogeneous in quality, differing from one place to another in topography, soil texture and structure, soil fertility
- The supply of land is limited and is also subject to diminishing returns
- Availability of land is subject to Land Use Act/Law
- Its suitability influences output
- It can be used as a collateral for loan
- The reward for labor is RENT
Uses of Land
- Production of Food crops – Land is used for the production of food crops such as Yam, Rice, Beans, Cocoa yam, as well as production of cash crops such as Cocoa, Cotton, Rubber, Groundnut etc
- Livestock Production – Land is also used for natural grazing of livestock like cattle, sheep, and goats.
- Forestry – Land is used for forestry which involves the management of the forest and its resources for man’s use.
- Wild Life Conservation
- Fishery – For production of fish
Non-Agricultural Uses of Lands
- Residential purpose – Construction of houses and buildings
- Transportation – Construction of Roads, Bridges, Rail ways etc
- Mining – Coal, petroleum and other mineral resources are found on land
Learning activities:
- Students are guided to describe the factors of agricultural production.
- Whole class discussion on the characteristic features of land.
- Students in pairs discuss the importance of land as a factor of agricultural production and share with class.
- Students in small groups develop various ways in which the school farmland can be improved upon and a leader present to the class.
ASSESSMENT (EVALUATION):
- What is Production?
- Explain ‘Land’ as a factor of production.
WRAP UP (CONCLUSION)
The teacher wraps up and concludes the lesson using web summary method and correct any mistake observed during the assessment.
ASSIGNMENT:
- Mention 4 unique characteristics of land
- List 3 Agricultural uses of land
HOD/VP’S COMMENTS & ENDORSEMENT:
WEEK: 3 DATE: CLASS: JSS 1
SUBJECT: Agriculture Lesson plan
LESSON TITLE: Factors of Agricultural production.
SUBTITLE: WATER
PERIOD: 1 & 2 DURATION: 80 Minutes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
- Recognize the importance of water to agricultural production.
- Identify other uses of water.
- Explain rain-fed and irrigation agriculture
- Name the various sources of water available for agricultural production.
KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: agriculture, production, factors, water, irrigation etc.
RESOURCES & MATERIALS: chart showing canal, lake, river and dam for irrigation agriculture.
BUILDING BACKROUND/CONNECTION TO PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: the Students are familiar with water.
CONTENT
Water has always been a vital part of agriculture. Just like humans, crops need water to survive and grow. The process where dry land or crops are supplied with water is called irrigation.
Uses of water in agriculture
There are four main areas of water used in agriculture: growing of crops, supplying drinking water to livestock, cleaning farm buildings and animals, and supplying drinking water for those who work on the farm.
Irrigation
Nearly 60% of the world’s freshwater that is used by humans is used for irrigation. Of this water that is applied to crop fields, only about half returns to surface water or groundwater sources. The rest is lost by natural processes such as evaporation (when liquid water changes to water vapor) and transpiration (when water from plant leaves is transformed into water vapor), and accidental occurrences such as leakage from pipes or spillage.
There are various methods to irrigate crops. The oldest way is to flood the field. This flood type of irrigation has been used for centuries and remains popular for crops like rice. Field flooding is very wasteful, since only about half of the water used actually gets to the plant. The efficiency of flood irrigation can be improved by making the land contoured, such as eliminating small hills and putting steps (terraces) on larger hills to prevent water from flowing over certain portions of the field and gathering in another part of the field. The flooding of a field can also be controlled by releasing water from dams (barriers) alongside the field, adding water to the field only when needed. Water that flows off of a field can be captured in a pond and re-used.
Agricultural water is a water that is used to grow fresh produce and sustain livestock. The use of agricultural water makes it possible to grow fruits and vegetables and raise livestock, which is a main part of our diet.
Agricultural water comes from a variety of sources.
Typical sources of agricultural water include:
- Surface water
- Rivers, streams, and irrigation ditches
- Open canals
- Impounded water such as ponds, reservoirs, and lakes
- Groundwater from wells
- Rainwater
- Locally collected water such as cisterns and rain barrels
Municipal water systems such as city and rural water can also be used for agricultural purposes.
Learning activities:
- Students are guided to mention the things they use water for at home and in school.
- Students in small groups discuss rain-fed and irrigation agriculture, and share their idea with the class
- Students in the same groups create charts of different sources of water available for agricultural production and paste on the wall for a gallery walk.
ASSESSMENT (EVALUATION):
- What is water?
- List 3 sources of water.
WRAP UP (CONCLUSION)
The teacher wraps up and concludes the lesson using web summary method and correct any mistake observed during the assessment.
ASSIGNMENT:
- Mention 4 importance of water
- What is Irrigation?
HOD/VP’S COMMENTS & ENDORSEMENT:
WEEK: 4 DATE: CLASS: JSS 1
SUBJECT: Agriculture Lesson plan
LESSON TITLE: Factors of Agricultural production.
SUBTITLE: LABOUR
PERIOD: 1 & 2 DURATION: 80 Minutes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;
- Recall the reward of labour
- Describe the types of labour
- Determine why labour is important to agricultural production.
KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: agriculture, production, labour, reward etc.
RESOURCES & MATERIALS: chart showing humans working on the farm with their tools.
BUILDING BACKROUND/CONNECTION TO PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: the Students are familiar with factors of production.
CONTENT
LABOUR: Labour is the mental or physical efforts of man which is directed towards the production of goods and services. Examples of labor are the work of farmers, carpenters, teachers, policemen etc.
Features of Labour
- Labour is mobile i.e., can move from one location to another
- Labour controls other factors of production
- Labour has feelings
- Labour requires motivation
- Labour is not fixed
- Labour is a human factor
- The reward for Labour is WAGE
The important peculiarities of labour are:
- Labour is inseparable from the labourer: Here labour means a quantum of work performed while labourer means who perform the work (e.g. labour). Therefore, the labour’s work has to be delivered in person.
- Labourer sells his services not himself: If labourer is employed means an employer only pays in the form of wages on account of services received from the labourer. Thus, labourer is only selling his services not himself.
- Labour is more perishable than other commodity: If time passes, it lapses forever. Therefore, a day lost which out work means the day’s work gone forever. That is why many times workers have to accept lower wages rather than earn nothing.
- Labourer has not the same power of bargaining as their employers. This is because labour cannot be stored up and labourers are poor and ignorant.
- Man, not a machine: A labourer differs from machine. He cannot render services like machine. After all labourer is man and he has feelings and likings. If good surrounding, health, recreation is provided, he can work efficiently otherwise he will not work efficiently.
- Less mobile: Generally, labourer does not want to leave his home. It is therefore labour is such less mobile as compared to other factors.
- Supply Independent of its demand: The supply of labour is always independent of its demand and cannot be easily and quickly increased or decreased. If supply of labour is surplus, their numbers can be reduced only by a painful process of starvation. But when sudden increase demand for labour, as during war, wages will rise but supply can not be quickly increased.
- Labourer differs in efficiency: Like machinery every worker cannot render same quantum of work labourer they very inefficiency and therefore wages differ from labourer to labourer.
Learning activities:
- Whole class discussion on the reward and types of labour.
- Small groups discussion on important of labour to agricultural production.
- Students are divided into groups and apportioned duties of:
- cleaning the school poultry
- feeding the poultry birds
- weeding the school farm
ASSESSMENT (EVALUATION):
- What is Labour?
- List 4 important peculiarities of labour.
WRAP UP (CONCLUSION)
The teacher wraps up and concludes the lesson using web summary method and correct any mistake observed during the assessment.
ASSIGNMENT:
- List 5 features of labour.
HOD/VP’S COMMENTS & ENDORSEMENT:
How to Get the Complete Agriculture Lesson plan
To get any of the Agriculture lesson plan that entails the following; Week 1-11, Topic Content, Behavioural Objective, Instructional Material/Reference Material, Evaluation/Assessment
Take Action
Call or WhatsApp us on +2349151942274 for the account number to make payment and how to received your complete copy of the Agriculture Lesson Plan to be sent directly to your email address or WhatsApp number.
Mode of Payment: Web/Mobile Transfer, Direct Bank Deposit, POS
Please Take Note
The Agriculture lesson plan is in PDF and MS Word Format.
It can be view, read on smart mobile phone or pc
It can be edited/modify
It can be printed into hard copy
the complete version is not free [ do not call or chat me up if your intention is to beg for it]
