FIRST TERM BASIC SCIENCE BASIC FIVE LESSON NOTE

WEEK 1 Readiness and Revision

WEEK 2 Environmental Quality

WEEK 3 Changes around us I

WEEK 4 Changes around us II

WEEK 5 Land and Noise pollution

WEEK 6 Waste and Waste Disposal

WEEK 7 MID TERM BREAK

WEEK 8 Waste and waste Disposal

WEEK 9 Environmental Changes (water and air)

WEEK 10 Environmental Quality

WEEK 11 Reproduction in Plants

WEEK 12 Revision

WEEK 13 Examination

Basic Science Lesson Plan for Primary 5 on Environmental Quality

TERM: FIRST TERM

CLASS: Primary 5 (Basic Five)

SUBJECT: Basic Science

WEEK: 2

Learning objectives: by the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to;

1. Tell what environmental quality is;
2. Appraise healthy environment;
3. Differentiate between a healthy and a degraded environment
4. State the disadvantages of degraded environment
5. Describe the factors which degrade the environment

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: videos, posters, pictures, waste bins, charts, etc.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

A good or bad environment is characterized by certain features. The pupils can identify the good features of environmental quality.

CONTENT

People live in rural areas (cities) and in urban areas (villages). However, the quality of the environment of either area is determined by these factors:

• Clean/ fresh air.
• Clean stream water.
• Less noise.
• Fewer refuse heaps.
• Less smoke from factories.
• Smaller amounts of waste fumes from vehicles, among many others.

The environment is not the same everywhere, even in the same city. The quality of the environment differs from one place to the other. If an environment is only slightly polluted and not over populated, we say the environment quality is good. If the environment is highly polluted and maybe over populated, we say the environment quality is poor.

What is a Healthy environment?

A healthy environment is a clean and attractive area and hosts no harm to the people living there.

How to maintain a healthy environment:

• Keep environment clean at all times.
• Ensure that refuse do not lie about.
• Maintain less smoke in an area. Industries should not be built in residential areas and vehicles should be on an average speed to avoid heavy exhaust.
• Tarred roads can prevent dust.
• Do not keep garbage/ refuse around residential areas to avoid bad smell.
• Human or solid waste should not be kept in compounds.
• Ensure the lawn is cut low.
• Beautify compounds with flowers.
• Apply insecticides and pesticides to avoid cockroach, mosquitoes, houseflies, etc.
• The environment should be kept less noisy. Do not use loud speakers that may affect others in the neighborhood.
• Regularly sweep compounds.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

STEP I: Pupils observe the environment and discuss the quality of the environment.

STEP 2: Pupils in small groups classify their environment as either healthy or degraded.

STEP 3: Pupils in small group discuss the advantages of healthy.

STEP 4: Pupils in small groups discuss on disadvantages of degraded environment.

STEP 5: Pupils in small groups discuss and identify the factors which degrade their environment.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION:

• How do we identify a quality environment? Mention 3.
• Define a healthy environment.
• List 5 ways to maintain a healthy environment.

Basic Science Lesson Plan for Primary 5 on Changes around us I

THIRD WEEK

TOPIC: Changes around us I

Subtopic: Erosion

Learning objectives: by the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to;

1. explain the meaning of soil erosion;

2. state the causes and dangers (effects) of erosion.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: 1. Buckets of water, hand fans. soil and trays (per groups)

2. Pictures or charts showing erosion.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify running water carrying different particle including soil.

CONTENT

Erosion is one of the changes around us. It is a common occurrence in our localities. In Nigeria, many lives and properties have been lost due to erosion problems in many communities.

Common causes of erosion are rainfall, flood events, wind. Also, certain human activities like construction works and bush burning can expose the soil to erosion.

MEANING OF SOIL EROSION

Soil erosion is the washing away of top soil by water, wind and other agent of erosion such as human activities.

The more soil that is washed or blown away from the surface, the deeper the erosion that is caused.

TYPES OF EROSION 

1. Water erosion

2. Wind erosion

MEANING OF WATER EROSION 

Water erosion is the removal top soil by water such as running water, rainwater, river and sea.

MEANING OF WIND EROSION 

Wind erosion is the removal top soil by wind.

 LESSON 2 – CAUSES OF SOIL EROSION 

1. Rainfall and flood

2. Soil texture

3. Overgrazing

4. Deforestation

5. Bush burning

6. Overused of soil resources

7. Poor drainage

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

STEP I:  To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

STEP 2: Takes the pupils outside to mark a soft or loose ground in your school compound.

STEP 3: The teacher asks one of the pupils to pour the bucket of water on the spot from so that the force of the water can create a hole on the ground.

STEP 4: Asks pupils to observe what happens to the soil.

STEP 5: Pupil’s participate actively in the class discussion

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. explain the meaning of soil erosion.

2. mention 2 types of erosion.

3. different between water and wind erosion.

4. state 3 causes of erosion.

Check out Social Studies Lesson Note for Primary 1

WEEK 4

Changes around us II

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: by the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to;

1. list the effects or dangers of erosion;

2. identify, discuss and implement simple strategies for controlling erosion.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: 1. chart showing damages caused by erosion.

2. chart showing measure to repair and control future damage to the soil.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify and state the causes of soil erosion

CONTENT

Topsoil is very valuable, because it is nutrient-rich and feeds both seeds and plants. The flow of wind or water can remove topsoil leading to the loss of the nutrients and resources.

We experience erosion around us. Erosion can have a number of causes, but the effects are usually the same. The most visually noticeable effect is soil damage.

EFFECTS OF EROSION 

1. It reduces the soil fertility.

2. It destroyed life and prosperity e.g. plants, vegetation, etc.

3. It damages and increases cost of living, production, transportation systems, infrastructures, etc.

4. Air and water pollution

5. It changes environment structures e.g. drainage.

6. It makes the crops not to grow well

LESSON 2 – CONTROL OF SOIL EROSION 

1. Afforestation

2. Crops rotation

3. Better drainage

4. Proper management of soil resources

5. Environmental law and order.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

STEP 2: Shows pupils charts, photographs of areas devastated by erosion.

STEP 3: Pupils’ look at photographs of erosion sites and discuss the causes, effect and control measures.

STEP 4: teacher guides pupils to discuss the dangers (effects) of erosion, suggest control measures.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. state 3 effects of erosion;

2. state 3 ways of controlling erosion.

Objectives

1. Erosion is the washing away of _______ by wind, water and other agent of erosion such as human activities.

 A. top soil B. bottom soil C. middle soil D. central soil

2. Which of the statements is correct? A. Erosion increase soil nutrients. B. Erosion saves life and properties. C. Erosion change environmental structure. D. Erosion makes crops to grow well.

3. Which of the statements is not correct? A. Erosion reduced soil fertility. B. Erosion reduced the cost of living. C. Erosion makes crops not to crop well. D. Erosion destroyed lives and properties.

4. One of these is not the effect of soil erosion. A. Planting of trees to control soil erosion B. Increasing the cost of living C. Decreasing environmental structures D. Reducing soil nutrients

5. One of these is not the way to control soil erosion.

A. Afforestation B. Deformation C. Crops rotation D. Better drainage

WEEK 5

TOPIC: Land and Noise pollution

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives

1. define pollution and list some land pollutants;

2. list common sources of pollution;

3. describe the consequences of land pollution on the people and on the environment;

4. describe the consequences of noise pollution on the people and on the environment.

5. describe the roles of the communities, industries and oil exploration in noise pollution.

6. suggest ways of reducing the risks of pollution.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: 1. Photographs and charts showing polluted land, industries letting, fumes on the land.

2. Posters/ photographs showing areas affected by oil spillage.

3.  Photographs and charts showing noisy areas.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify some of the land and noise pollution.

CONTENT

Pollution is anything that makes our water, land, air and environment dirty and unsafe to use. These harmful substances introduced into the environment are called pollutants.

The types of pollution we have are land, water, air and noise pollution.

MEANING OF POLLUTION

Land pollution is the release unwanted stuff, waste materials and harmful substances on the land.

Polluted land is unsafe for human, plants and animals.

HUMAN ACTIVITIES CAUSED BY LAND POLLUTION/CAUSES OF LAND POLLUTION 

Land pollution can happen through human activities like –

1. Dumping of refuse

2. Deforestation

3. Bush burning

4. Soil erosion

5. Agricultural activities

6. Mining activities

7. Overcrowded landfills

8. Construction activities

9. Human sewage

EFFECTS OF LAND POLLUTION 

1. Loss of top most soil

2. Soil pollution

3. Water and air pollution

4. Climactic change

5. Effect on human health

6. Increased risk of wildfires

7. Cause Air pollution

8. Distraction for Tourist

PREVENTION OF LAND POLLUTION 

The ways of preventing land pollution include –

1. Raising awareness

2. Reduce, Recycle and Reuse

5. Proper waste disposal

4. Afforestation

6. Law and order

PERIOD 2

MEANING OF NOISE POLLUTION

Noise pollution means an unwanted and undesirable sound that leads to physical and mental problems.

Noise pollution is dependent on the loudness and frequency of the sound.

CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION/NOISE POLLUTANTS 

1. Nature – Thunderstorms, lightning, earthquakes, landslides, sounds produced by animals, and rainfall.

2. Human activities

3. Public address systems

4. Generate

5. Emergency services/government sirens

6. Poor Urban Planning

7. Social Events

8. Political campaigns

9. Construction activities

10. Industrial activities

11. Religious activities

  EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION 

1. Constant headache

2. Hypertension

3. High stress levels

4. High blood pressure

5. Hearing loss

6. Sleeplessness

 PREVENTION OF NOISE POLLUTION 

1. Aware of the kind of noise that is harmful to oneself.

2. The use of sound proof.

3. Learn to meditate

4. Banned on public address systems.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1:  To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2: Shows pictures of polluted land and noise pollution

STEP 3: Pupils’ activities look at pictures of polluted land and describe what they observe.

STEP 4: Pupils’ activities visit industrial areas to observe ways industries pollute land.

STEP 5: Pupils’ activities look at pictures of polluted noise and describe what they observe.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. Explain the meaning of land pollution.

2. State 4 effects of land pollution.

3. Mention 4 ways of controlling land pollution.

WEEK 6

TOPIC: Waste and Waste Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to;

1. explain the meaning of waste and waste disposal.

2. list the waste constituents.

3. identify different types of waste.

4. Discuss proper disposal of waste

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: videos, posters, pictures, charts, etc.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify waste products and state how to dispose properly.

CONTENTS:

What is Waste?

Waste is anything which is no longer require by its owner and therefore, should be thrown away. They are known as unwanted substances used for domestic purposes. Waste is produced in the homes, markets, offices and workplaces, playgrounds, factories, and in short, wherever people work, play or rest.

Waste can be categorized into two forms: Solid waste and Liquid waste

What is Solid waste?

Refuse, or solid waste, consists of solid materials with two major components: garbage, or food wastes, and trash e.g. plastic bottles, paper, empty cans, etc.

What is Liquid waste?

Sewage or Liquid waste can be defined as such liquids as wastewater, fats, oils or grease, used oil, liquids, sewages, gases, or harmful household liquids.

If waste materials are left to lie about anyhow, there will be harmful results which may include bad smell in the neighborhood, untidy environment, breeding of mosquitoes, possibility f injury to children, etc.

Disposal of solid waste:

Refuse or solid waste can be collected in the following manners:

Refuse collection:

Refuse should be disposed in refuse cans. In every home, there should be two or more refuse cans: one for bio-degradable materials (that is things that can decay), the other for things that do not decay but can be burnt and the last one for things that can’t be burnt and do not decay e.g. glass and metal.

Sorting refuse:

Grouping of refuse means separating refuse into those that can be biodegradable, those that can burn and those that cannot burn.

Final disposal:

Substances that can decay are thrown away into farmlands where they decay and make the soil more fertile. Substances that can be burnt are burnt in incinerators and the ones that cannot be burnt are buried or used n landfills.

Disposal of liquid waste (Sewage):

Soakaway pits are provided in homes to dispose liquid wastes.

Factories should treat wastewater in order to filter harmful chemicals before allowing the waste water to flow into water bodies.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2: Teacher display chart showing different waste products.

STEP 3: Asks pupils to examine the chart.

STEP 4: Asks them to describe the contents of the chart.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION:

1. Define Waste.
2. Differentiate between solid and liquid waste with examples.
3. Mention the 3 processes of solid waste disposal.
4. List 2 disadvantages of not disposing waste properly.

WEEK 8

TOPIC: Waste and waste Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives

1. meaning of waste recycling.

2. suggest different ways of recycling waste and the advantages of recycling waste.

3. list the advantages of proper waste disposal;

4. mention three dangers of improper disposal of waste.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of recycling materials.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify recycling products and what they are made of.

CONTENT
ADVANTAGES OF PROPER WASTE DISPOSAL

1. Control spread of sickness and diseases

2. Protect our environment from pollution

3. Improve quality of life

4. Save money and resources

5. Enable waste reuse

EFFECT OF IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL 

1. Pollution – land, water and air are contaminated.

2. Increase in flies e.g. breed mosquitoes, sun flies

3. Easy spread of sickness and disease by flies or rodents

4. Poor health

5. Endangered our lives

6. Death

Most people know the system of returning empty bottles of drinks or other liquid to the distributors and the distributors taking them back to the manufacturing factory where they are washed and re-used.

Imagine what would have happened to the environment if there was no system of returning the empty bottles, there would possibly be bottles all over.

The system and idea of using the same thing again is what is referred to as recycling.

Not only bottles are being recycled, other materials like paper and metals can also be recycled.

How is paper recycled?

Paper is made from wood pulp which is gotten from wood logs.

Paper is used all over the world in printing newspaper, books, magazine, etc. Newspaper which has been read are collected and taken back to paper factories, the factories then turn the old papers back to pulp and uses them to make fresh newspapers. By this recycling, we make the environment clean and save the trees that might have been cut down to make fresh pulp.

In essence, recycling is the act of reusing things that have been used before over and over again.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous knowledge. Based on this, the teacher asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2: Teacher leads discussion on proper disposal of wastes

STEP 3: Teacher displays pictures and diagrams of ways of disposing waste;

STEP 4: Pupils’ activities listen, ask questions and discuss waste and how to recycle waste.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. List three advantages of proper waste disposal.

2. Mention three dangers of improper disposal of waste.

3. Explain the meaning of recycling;

WEEK 9

TOPIC: Environmental Changes (water and air)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives

1. Formulate a definition of pollution
2. Explain how water and air can be polluted and its effects on people and the environment
3. Enumerate sources of water and air pollution
4. Outline ways of preventing and controlling water and air pollution. 

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: chart showing polluted water and air.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: pupils have learnt about their environment and what it consists of.

CONTENT

POLLUTION

Our environment is made up of living and non-living components. The living components are called biotic factors, while the nonliving components are called abiotic components. Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the natural environment which causes an unfavorable change in the environment. The harmful substances are called contaminants. These contaminants make the environment unsafe for plants and animals, thereby becoming a threat to health and constituting hazards to the living things.

Pollutants are substances that can contaminate the environment. They can be in liquid, solid or gaseous forms.

 WATER POLLUTION: Water pollution occur when water pollutants are released or introduced into water bodies making it unfit for consumption.

Causes/sources of Water Pollution

• Untreated sewage released into water bodies.
• Human faeces, waste, or dead plant and animals dumped into water bodies
• Oil leakages (oil spillage) from tanks and pipes into rivers and other water bodies.
• Liquid wastes from industries released into water bodies.

Effects of Water Pollution.

• Water pollution causes the spread of water borne diseases
• Harmful contaminants introduced into water bodies kills water organisms. Like fish, crabs,
• The harmful chemicals released into water bodies renders it unfit for drinking, cooking or even washing.
• When water is polluted, it produces bad odour
• Water pollution reduces the amount of oxygen made available to water organisms

Control of water pollution

• Oil spillage should be avoided
• Dumping of refuse into water bodies should be avoided
• The use of chemicals to catch fish should be discouraged
• Industrial waste should not be dumped into water bodies,
• Water treatment and water waste recycling should be encouraged
• People should be educated on the dangers of polluting water bodies.

PERIOD 2

AIR POLLUTION.

Air is polluted when harmful substances are released into the atmosphere.

Causes/sources of Atmospheric Pollution.

• Release of smoke from burning bush or burning waste into the atmosphere.
• When gas is flared i.e. fumes of gases from factories released into the atmosphere.
• Fumes from exhaust pipes of vehicles
• Bad odour from waste, sewage, decaying plants and animals

Effects of Air Pollution.

• Air pollution causes lung cancer
• It is the cause of some plant diseases
• It causes irritation of the respiratory tract
• It causes skin irritation which can lead to some skin diseases.
• It causes other clinical illnesses like headache, runny nose, puffy eyes etc.
• It can lead to suffocation.

Prevention/Control of Air Pollution

• Government should make laws against activities that pollute the air like gas flaring
• The general public should be properly enlightened about the dangers of polluting the atmosphere.
• Industries and factories should be sited far away from where people live.
• The people should be educated on the health benefits of having and living in a pollution free environment.
• The use of explosives around residential area should be abolished.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous knowledge. Based on this, the teacher asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2: Class watches videos clips or study pictures of polluted water, industries letting fumes into the air and areas affected by oil spillage

STEP 3: pupils in pairs mention how water and air can be polluted

STEP 4: Pupils in small groups discuss how we can prevent and control water and air pollution.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. What is water pollution?
2. Mention three water pollutants.
3. Give three ways by which we can control water pollution.

WEEK 10

TOPIC: Environmental Quality

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives

1. Define Environmental quality.
2. Discuss ways of maintaining a healthy environment.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: videos, posters, pictures, waste bins, charts, etc.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The students have learnt about their environment.

CONTENT

People live in rural areas (cities) and in urban areas (villages). However the quality of the environment of either areas is determined by these factors:

• Clean/ fresh air.
• Clean stream water.
• Less noise.
• Fewer refuse heaps.
• Less smoke from factories.
• Smaller amounts of waste fumes from vehicles, among many others.

The environment is not the same everywhere, even in the same city. The quality of the environment differs from one place to the other. If an environment is only slightly polluted and not over populated, we say the environment quality is good. If the environment is highly polluted and maybe over populated, we say the environment quality is poor.

What is a Healthy environment?

A healthy environment is a clean and attractive area and hosts no harm to the people living there.

How to maintain a healthy environment:

• Keep environment clean at all times.
• Ensure that refuse do not lie about.
• Maintain less smoke in an area. Industries should not be built in residential areas and vehicles should be on an average speed to avoid heavy exhaust.
• Tarred roads can prevent dust.
• Do not keep garbage/ refuse around residential areas to avoid bad smell.
• Human or solid waste should not be kept in compounds.
• Ensure the lawn is cut low.
• Beautify compounds with flowers.
• Apply insecticides and pesticides to avoid cockroach, mosquitoes, houseflies, etc.
• The environment should be kept less noisy. Do not use loud speakers that may affect others in the neighborhood.
• Regularly sweep compounds.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous knowledge. Based on this, the teacher asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2: pupils clean up the class and discuss on ways of maintaining healthy environment.

STEP 3: Pupils in pairs write out materials for maintaining healthy environment.

STEP 4: Pupils think and write down the advantages of maintaining a healthy environment.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. Define Environmental quality.
2. Discuss ways of maintaining a healthy environment.

WEEK 11

TOPIC: REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives

1. identify parts of a flower.

2. draw and label parts of a flower.

3. identify parts of flower that produce fruit.

4. explain the meaning of pollination.

5. state types of pollination.

RESOURCES & MATERIALS: 1. Life flowers e.g. hibiscus, cowpea flower

2. Chart or diagram of a flower, agents of pollination, development from flower to fruits.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: The pupils can identify different parts of flowers.

CONTENT

Flowers are part of the plants that are very attractive and beautiful.

For examples,

1. Aloe Vera

2. Hibiscus

3. Orchids

4. Calla Lilly

5. Cacati

6. Climbing ivy

7. Cordyline

8. Dumb cane

9. Red acalypha

10. Yellow bush, etc.

 Some flowers produce the seeds that can become new plants while some flowers don’t.

PARTS OF FLOWERS 

1. Pistil

• Stigma
• Style
• Ovary

2. Stamen

• Anther
• Filament

3. Calyx

4. Stem

2. Find out the different between anther to the stigma.

PARTS OF THE FLOWER THAT PRODUCE FRUIT

The part of flower that produce fruit is called ovary.

Ovary is where seeds are produced which later grow into young plants.

The ovary and the surrounding parts later become the fruit.

Ovary is also called as the seed box.

MEANING OF POLLINATION

Pollination is the process of moving pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.

Once the bee carried the pollen grains from anther to the stigma, fertilization begins.

Apart from insects, pollination also take place when the winds blow.

TYPES OF POLLINATION

There are two types of pollination –

1. Self-pollination

2. Cross pollination

SELF POLLINATION

Self-pollination is the movement of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma with the same flower.

 CROSS POLLINATION 

Cross pollination is the movement of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of different flower.

  Male and female of animal of the same type mate. That’s male and female chicken and goat.

After mating, the female chicken (ducks, pigeons, etc.) lay eggs. These eggs later hatch into young once.

In other animals like goat, dogs, sheep, cows, etc., after male and female mate, the female carries pregnancy and later gives birth to the young animal alive.

Life in both plants and animals begin when a male meets a female to produce their young ones.

Both the male and the female parts of plant are in the flower. 

AGENTS OF POLLINATION

Agents of pollination Pollinating agents are –

1. animals such as insects, birds, and bats

2. water

3. wind

4. Insects and Winds are the major types of pollination.

5. Man

PROCESS OF POLLINATION

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from Anther to Stigma of a flower.

The process of pollination is called fertilization.

Fertilization is the joining together of the male part of the pollen to the female ovules in the ovary.

The male part of a flower must first join with the female part.

Pollen contains the male part.

The female egg cell is inside the ovule. When the male and female parts join, we say fertilization has taken place.

PRESENTATION

LEARNING ATIVITIES:
STEP 1: To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous knowledge. Based on this, the teacher asks the pupils some questions;
STEP 2:  Takes pupils for a walk within and around the school to collect the available common flowers.

STEP 3: Pupils’ activities bring flowers to the class, Identify and name each of the flower collected.

STEP 4: Provides sample of flowers like hibiscus and guides the pupils to identify parts of a flower. Or chart showing parts of flower.

CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

EVALUATION

1. identify parts of a flower.

2. draw and label parts of a flower.

3. identify parts of flower that produce fruit.

4. explain the meaning of pollination.

5. state 2 types of pollination.

Preview Sample Lesson plan here