Physical and Health Education Primary 2 Third Term

Complete Lesson Notes • NERDC Aligned • 2026

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Scheme of Work – Third Term

1. Week 1: Health and Hygiene – Water Purification
2. Week 2: Air Pollution
3. Week 3: Basic Skills in Basketball
4. Week 4: Safety Rules in Basketball
5. Week 5 & 6: Basic Swimming Skills
6. Week 7: Benefits of Swimming
7. Week 8: Safety Rules in Swimming
8. Week 9: Revision
9. Week 10: Examination

Topic: Health and Hygiene – Water Purification

Class: Primary 2

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Identify methods of purifying water

Learning Resources

Audio-visual resources, Textbook, charts, posters.

Content

What is Hygiene?

Hygiene refers to practices and behaviors that promote and maintain health. These practices prevent the spread of diseases. Good hygiene includes proper sanitation, hand-washing, and personal grooming habits.

What is Water Purification?

Water purification removes impurities from water. This process makes water safe to drink or use. We can use several methods to purify water.

Four Methods of Purifying Water

1. Boiling

Boiling water is one of the simplest and most effective ways to purify it. You heat the water to its boiling point. This kills most bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens present in the water. Boil water for at least one minute.

2. Chlorination

Chlorination is a chemical method of water purification. You add chlorine to water to kill bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms. Chlorine is a common disinfectant. Many public water systems use it.

3. Filtration

Filtration passes water through a porous material. You can use sand, charcoal, or a ceramic filter to remove impurities. This method can remove bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. However, it may not remove some chemicals or heavy metals.

4. Ultraviolet (UV) Treatment

UV treatment exposes water to ultraviolet light. This light kills bacteria and viruses. This method works well for treating small quantities of water. People commonly use it in households or for camping and hiking.

Evaluation

1. What is hygiene?
2. Explain 3 methods of water purification.

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Topic: Air Pollution

Class: Primary 2

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Define pollution
• Define air pollution

Learning Resources

Audio-visual resources, Textbook, charts, posters.

Content

What is Pollution?

Pollution refers to the presence or introduction of harmful substances into the environment. These substances can cause harm to living organisms. They can also disrupt natural processes. Pollution can come from various sources. These include human activities, natural disasters, or industrial processes.

What is Air Pollution?

Air pollution specifically refers to the presence of harmful substances in the air we breathe. These substances can include gases, particulate matter, and other pollutants. They can have negative effects on human health and the environment.

Four Common Sources of Air Pollution

1. Transportation

Cars, trucks, buses, and other vehicles release exhaust fumes into the air. They also release other pollutants.

2. Industry

Industrial processes release pollutants into the air. These include manufacturing, mining, and power generation.

3. Agriculture

Farmers use pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals in agriculture. These chemicals can contribute to air pollution.

4. Natural Sources

Dust, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions can also contribute to air pollution.

Effects of Air Pollution

The effects of air pollution on human health vary. They depend on the type and concentration of pollutants. Some potential health effects include respiratory problems, heart disease, and cancer.

Air pollution can also have negative effects on the environment. It can damage crops, forests, and bodies of water.

How to Reduce Air Pollution

To reduce air pollution, we must take steps to limit our own contribution to it.

1. We can reduce car usage.
2. We can conserve energy.
3. We can use environmentally-friendly products.

Evaluation

1. What is air pollution?
2. List 4 sources of air pollution.

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Topic: Basic Skills in Basketball

Class: Primary 2

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• List and explain the basic skills in basketball

Learning Resources

Audio-visual resources, Textbook, charts, posters, basketball.

Content

Basketball is a popular team sport. Players dribble, shoot, pass, and defend. Here are the basic skills in basketball:

Five Basic Basketball Skills

1. Dribbling

Dribbling means bouncing the ball with one hand while moving around the court. Good dribbling skills include controlling the ball with your fingertips. You keep your head up to see the court.

2. Shooting

Shooting means attempting to score points by throwing the ball into the basket. Players aim carefully and use proper form.

3. Passing

Passing means throwing the ball to a teammate. Good passing skills include passing accurately with both hands. You use different types of passes.

4. Rebounding

Rebounding means getting possession of the ball after a missed shot. Good rebounding skills include boxing out your opponent. You jump to grab the ball at the highest point. You quickly get the ball to a teammate.

5. Defense

Defense means preventing the opposing team from scoring. Good defensive skills include staying in front of your opponent. You move your feet quickly. You use your body to block shots or passes.

By practicing and improving these basic basketball skills, players can become more effective on the court. They contribute to the success of their team.

Evaluation

List and explain the basic skills in basketball that you know.

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Topic: Safety Rules in Basketball

Class: Primary 2

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• State safety rules in basketball game

Content

Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each play on a rectangular court. The objective is to score points by shooting a ball through a hoop. The hoop is elevated above the ground. Here are some basic rules in basketball:

Five Basic Safety Rules

1. Scoring

A player scores two points for a field goal. Players score three points for a field goal made beyond the three-point line. Players score one point for a free throw.

2. Dribbling

A player must bounce the ball on the ground while moving with it. Players cannot carry or palm the ball. If they do, referees call a violation called “traveling.” The ball goes to the other team.

3. Fouls

Players cannot make physical contact with an opposing player. They can have incidental contact while attempting to play the ball. If a player commits a foul, the opposing team gets a free throw or a side-out. If a player commits a flagrant foul or intentionally harms an opposing player, referees may eject them from the game.

4. Substitutions

Teams can substitute players in and out of the game at any time. The player must report to the scorer’s table before entering the court.

5. Possession

The team that has the ball is on the offense. The team that does not have the ball is on the defense. The defense must try to stop the other team from scoring. The offense tries to score.

Evaluation

Describe 4 safety rules in basketball.

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Topic: Basic Swimming Skills

Class: Primary 2

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• State basic swimming skills

Content

Here are some basic swimming skills:

Seven Basic Swimming Skills

1. Floating

You must learn to float on your back and stomach. This is essential for water safety.

2. Kicking

Pupils should learn how to kick properly. Kicking helps propel you through the water.

3. Breathing

You must learn how to properly breathe while swimming. This is important when doing strokes that require you to put your face in the water.

4. Gliding

Pupils should learn how to glide through the water. Gliding helps conserve energy and move more efficiently.

5. Treading Water

You must learn to keep your head above water without using your arms. This is important for safety and endurance.

6. Backstroke

Students can learn to swim on their back. You use alternating arm strokes and kicks.

7. Diving

Pupils can learn how to safely dive into the water and resurface.

Important Note: Teachers should always teach these skills under the supervision of a qualified swim instructor. You must have appropriate safety measures in place.

Evaluation

List 4 swimming skills and explain them.

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